Clause

a structure combining constituents to express meaning.

Types of clauses

 * Independent : a clause that could stand alone as a grammatically correct sentence
 * Must contain a Subject and a Finite Verbal
 * It may also contain additional constituents: Object(s), Complement, Adverbial(s)


 * Sub-clause:  (also called dependent or subordinate clause) a clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence
 * Must be connected to a dependent clause

Crystal, David. Rediscover Grammar, page 40.

Bruntt, Karen and Bryanne, Ulla. Handbook for Grammar Detectives, pages 114-115.